Internet of Things (IoT) Security. How to Protect Your Devices?

Smart devices in our homes are becoming increasingly common – from smart bulbs to monitoring systems. While they offer convenience and time savings, they carry serious threats. We often forget that many of these devices have weak security, making them easy targets for cybercriminals. So how do we ensure security in the world of Internet of Things (IoT)? Let's look at how to protect our devices and data from dangers.

IoT – what is it?

Internet of Things (IoT) is a dynamically developing branch of technology that is changing the way our homes, businesses, and entire society function. Simply put, IoT is a network of interconnected devices that communicate with each other and with the user via the internet. Each of these devices collects, processes, and transmits data – often without human intervention. From smart light bulbs to advanced production systems – the potential of IoT is enormous. Thanks to devices such as smart security cameras, temperature sensors, alarm systems, or smart locks, we can remotely control our environment. However, this development also brings serious threats. IoT security is a topic that gains importance year by year – and for good reason.

Not so long ago, a "smart home" was associated with a distant future straight out of science fiction movies – automatic blinds, a refrigerator that does its own shopping, or sensors telling you the dog just jumped on the couch. Today, these are increasingly common solutions! Smart bulbs welcome us with warm light before we cross the threshold, and the thermostat knows our habits better than our partner. The problem is that all these technological wonders – although impressive – can be like leaving the apartment door wide open. Except instead of a burglar with a crowbar, a... hacker can slip inside. Because in a world where the refrigerator has Wi-Fi and the door lock has a password – security begins to mean something completely new. So let's consider what are the main challenges related to IoT security and what to do to make smart devices truly smart and secure?

What is Internet of Things (IoT) security?

IoT security is a set of strategies, procedures, and technologies aimed at protecting IoT devices and the data transmitted through them. Since many IoT devices operate in the background, they are often inadequately protected, making them easy targets for cybercriminals. How are IoT systems secured? Well, it must be admitted that security in IoT (Internet of Things) systems varies depending on the manufacturer and type of device. Some brands invest in advanced protection mechanisms – data encryption, two-factor authentication, regular software updates. Others, especially cheaper products, often limit themselves to basic security or don't offer it at all. That's why the user plays a big role here. It depends on us whether the device will be secure or become a weak link in the home network. A conscious approach and following best practices is extremely important – even if the manufacturer doesn't make our task easier.

What is security and privacy in IoT?

In the context of IoT, the concept of privacy also often appears. No wonder, because security and privacy in IoT are two closely related areas. Security focuses on protecting devices and data from cyberattacks, while privacy concerns what data is collected, how it is stored, and who actually has access to it.

Take, for example, a popular smart plug, a device that you plug into a regular wall outlet, and then plug your equipment into it – e.g., a lamp, coffee maker, or charger. This allows you to remotely control the power supply of this device – usually through a smartphone app – convenient, right? But if you don't change the default password or update the app, a third party can take control of your equipment. Moreover, data about when you turn lights on and off, for example, can reveal your daily rhythm – and that's already a matter of privacy.

Also check out the popular blog post on Sapsan, describing types of Wi-Fi attacks.

What are the main challenges related to IoT security?

1. Lack of software updates

Many cheap IoT devices don't receive regular firmware updates, which opens the door to known attacks.

2. Weak passwords and default logins

Users rarely change factory login credentials, which hackers can easily exploit.

3. Lack of data encryption

Often, data transmitted by IoT devices is not encrypted, allowing it to be intercepted.

4. Large number of devices

The more devices on the network, the more potential entry points for an attacker.

Internet of Things (IoT) Security. How to protect your devices?

Fortunately, you don't have to be a cybersecurity expert to protect your IoT devices. Here are some tips you can implement right away.

1. Change default passwords – preferably immediately after first startup. Use unique, strong passwords.
   

2. Update software – don't ignore notifications about firmware or app updates.
   

3. Segment your network – if possible, create a separate Wi-Fi network just for IoT devices.
   

4. Use VPN (for remote connection to your network) – this is an additional layer of protection, especially if you control devices remotely.
   

5. Shop responsibly – choose equipment from manufacturers who offer technical support and regular security updates.

IoT (Internet of Things) is a technology that not only makes life easier but also introduces us to a completely new dimension of digital responsibility. Smart homes, offices, and cities are an integral part of our future – but without proper security, they can become open doors for cyber threats. In an era where everything is "smart," user awareness is the most important link in security. Because even the best technologies won't protect us from our own carelessness.